1&1 O-RAN: Largest Customer Migration in the History of German Mobile Communications Completed

1&1 O-RAN: Largest Customer Migration in the History of German Mobile Communications Completed

• 1&1 fulfils regulatory requirement for competitive independence ahead of schedule
• With over 12 million customers, the 1&1 network is the world’s largest mobile network based on innovative Open RAN technology

Montabaur, November 11, 2025. Less than two years after launching mobile services on the 1&1 O-RAN, 1&1 has completed the largest customer migration in the history of German mobile communications: all 1&1 customers now use the modern 5G network. This means 1&1 has met the German Federal Network Agency’s requirement for competitive independence ahead of the deadline.

The 1&1 O-RAN is Europe’s first fully virtualized, cloud-native mobile network built on innovative Open RAN technology. Open RAN enables network components from different manufacturers to be flexibly combined based on standardized technical interfaces. 1&1 collaborates with around 100 partner companies. This modern network architecture embodies innovation, security, sustainability, and – above all – digital sovereignty through independence from individual network suppliers such as Huawei. With more than 12 million customers, the 1&1 network is the largest Open RAN installation worldwide by number of users.

“We welcome our customers to the powerful 1&1 O-RAN. With Germany’s fourth mobile network, consumers now benefit from more competition and greater choice. Based on the innovative Open RAN technology, the 1&1 O-RAN also demonstrates how high-performance and digitally sovereign infrastructure for millions of users can be built in Germany within a short time,” says Ralph Dommermuth, CEO of 1&1.

50,000 Customers per Day – Fast and Customer-Friendly Migration Process
Since launching mobile services on 1&1 O-RAN on December 8, 2023, 1&1 has been operating as an independent mobile network operator. Previously, the company had offered mobile services as a reseller under the so-called MVNO (Mobile Virtual Network Operator) model. Alongside the launch of mobile services on the 1&1 network, the step-by-step migration of existing 1&1 mobile contracts began.

The completion of the migration also fulfils a key requirement of the German Federal Network Agency: As part of the frequency allocation from the 5G auction, 1&1 was obliged to achieve competitive independence as Germany’s fourth network operator by December 31, 2025. Mobile network operators are generally not permitted to act as resellers of other operators’ network services in parallel. 1&1 was granted only a limited transition period for migrating its customers to the new 1&1 network. With the completion of the customer migration, 1&1 has implemented this requirement ahead of schedule.

The migration progressed at an impressive pace: at peak times, up to 50,000 customers per day were transferred to the 1&1 O-RAN.

 About 1&1 AG

1&1 AG, headquartered in Montabaur, is a listed telecommunications provider and part of the United Internet Group.

With a focus on the German market, 1&1 specifically strengthens the country's digital sovereignty. 1&1 is the first network operator in Europe to operate a fully virtualised 5G mobile network based on the new Open RAN technology - independent, technology-agnostic and ready for real-time-applications of the future. As the fourth network, 1&1 O-RAN stands for more competition and innovation in the German mobile communications landscape.

In addition to a comprehensive mobile communications portfolio, broadband connections are offered which are based on 1&1 Versatel's Germany-wide fibre-optic transport network and on networks of regional city carriers as well as of Deutsche Telekom.

While the 1&1 brand addresses value and premium segments, the Group's discount brands appeal to price-conscious target groups.

Press Contact

Thomas Kahmann 
Phone: +49 2602 / 96 – 1276 
E-Mail: presse@1und1.de